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Led first by Philippe Pétain, the Vichy regime that replaced the French Third Republic in 1940 chose the path of collaboration with the Nazi occupiers. This policy included the Bousquet-Oberg accords of July 1942 that formalized the collaboration of the French police with the German police. This collaboration was manifested in particular by anti-Semitic measures taken by the Vichy government, and by its active participation in the genocide. The terms ''Zone libre'' (Free Zone), Vichy France, Vichy regime, southern zone, French State, and ''État français'' are all synonyms and refer to the state in the south of France governed from Vichy during World War II and headed by French World War I hero Marshall Philippe Pétain. The terms Occupied Zone and Occupied France refer to the northern portion of France governed by the German military administration in Paris, taking orders from Berlin. == 1940 == * July 10, 1940: Pierre Laval induces Parliament to vote complete powers (constituent, legislative, executive and judicial) to Marshal Philippe Pétain who becomes Head of state of the French State (État français). * July 21, 1940: Minister of Justice Alibert creates a board to review 500,000 naturalizations accorded since 1927. Withdrawal of nationality for 15,000 people, 40% of whom were Jews. * July 1940: Germans expel more than 20,000 Alsace-Lorraine Jews to the southern zone. * September 27, 1940: Ordinance on the status of Jews in the Occupied Zone. A census of Jews ("the Tulard file") and obligatory sign indicating "Jew" on shops owned by Jews. * September 27, 1940: A Vichy law allows any foreigner "redundant to the French economy" to be interned among "groups of foreign workers". * October 3, 1940: first Statute on Jews. French Jewish citizens are excluded from civil service, army, education, the press, radio and film. "Surplus" Jews are excluded from the professions. Article 9: This law is applicable to Algeria, to the colonies, protectorates and mandated territories. * October 4, 1940: prefects can detain foreigners of Jewish extraction in special camps or to assign residence. * October 7, 1940: repeal of the 1871 Crémieux Decree; French nationality is removed from Jews from Algeria. * October 7, 1940: Aryanization of businesses in the Occupied Zone. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vichy Holocaust collaboration timeline」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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